Currently, 58.8% of people aged 65+ live in urban areas, compared to 48.3% in 1990. Between 19, the number of people aged 65+ living in urban areas rose from 160 to 355 million globally, representing a growth of 122% ( UNDESA, 2014). In a world where more than half of the population now lives in urban areas ( UNDESA, 2019) and with the proportion of people aged 65+ expected to double to 1.5 billion by 2050 ( UNDESA, 2020), population aging and urbanization are now key interrelated topics. Future research should thus holistically examine physical, social, and service-related attributes to produce more robust evidence. However, almost half of the studies did not include all environmental dimensions simultaneously, and self-reported instruments were largely preferred over more objective assessments of the environment. Neighborhoods may promote well-being more effectively when these elements are considered.
Transit-related variables, urban furniture, and access to healthcare are also positively related to well-being. The results, based on 39 identified studies, showed that natural areas in neighborhoods and a sense of community are the attributes most often associated with positive effects on well-being. We searched for literature published up to December 2020 across six databases and performed quality assessment and thematic analysis. This mixed-methods systematic review synthesizes the evidence for the influence of urban neighborhoods’ attributes on older adults’ well-being. Expanding urbanization rates have engendered increasing research examining linkages between urban environments and older adults’ well-being.
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